The Fall of the House of Usher, by Edgar Allan Poe Essay

The human imagination is a powerful tool that sometimes is very hard to control, if it can be controlled at all. In The Fall of the House of Usher, Edgar Allan Poe uses imagination as a key tool to make the story come to life. The human imagination is portrayed as a wild and uncontrollable being. This can be shown throughout the story by loss of control of his mental state by Roderick Usher, and by the narrator’s belief that he too is being infected by the house’s tormenting nature. I believe that Edgar Allan Poe personifies the mental concept of the imagination because it seems that throughout the story, the main culprit to the cause of madness is the torment of the person by his own imagination. The unnamed narrator is persistently†¦show more content†¦The house seems to be absorbing Usher’s mental health and physical health. Evidence of this is shown by the faltering health and growing fears of Roderick Usher in relation to the growing scariness of th e house. A concern of Roderick Usher is the waning health of his twin sister, Lady Madeline. Usher explains to his dear friend, the narrator, that she is the only surviving relative he has. He further explains that his sister’s health condition baffles any physician that has come to the house. After a few days of the narrator’s visit, Lady Madeline dies. Usher explains to the narrator that he wishes to preserve her body by placing her into the underground crypt of the house. I believe that Poe is trying to use symbolism in Lady Madeline’s death in relation to Roderick’s faltering mental stability. For example, Lady Madeline represents a part of Usher that he has lost; a part of him that has become so strange and frightening to him. When he and the narrator place Lady Madeline’s body into the crypt, it is a desperate act to help preserve a part of himself. One night, as the narrator is lying in his room, he finds himself incapable of falling asleep. Edgar Allan Poe writes, pertaining to the narrator, â€Å"I struggled to reason off the nervousness which had dominion over me.† As the narrator lay there, he found that he felt he should try to sleep no more. A moment later Roderick UsherShow MoreRelatedThe Fall Of The House Of Usher By Edgar Allan Poe1570 Words   |  7 Pagesingenious Edgar Allan Poe. A prime example of Poe’s spectacular work with single effect would be in the classic short story â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher† which was published in 1839 and holds much critical acclaim. In the story, the narrator visits an old, mentally disintegrating friend and his dying sister in a house that invokes anxiety with mere proximity. While the whole tale is wrought with single effect, the most defining creepiness of the story was brought to life through Roderick Usher. ThroughRead MoreThe Fall Of The House Of Usher By Edgar Allan Poe Essay1333 Words   |  6 PagesEdgar Allan Poe is known for his poetr y and short stories especially his tales of mystery and morbidity he was one of the countries first practitioners of short stories such as the Fall in the House of Usher many of his poems and short stories is said to have been inspired by Poe’s real and tumultuous life, in â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher† Edgar Allan Poe uses sound, feeling and sight imagery to create and explore an atmosphere of horror and to convey to the reader the idea that fear coalescedRead MoreThe Fall Of House Of Usher, By Edgar Allan Poe1603 Words   |  7 Pagesshown in the previous paragraphs of Cole and Poe, they are very different people who have had contrary life experiences . Yet their works are still very similar. To further prove my case I shall use some of their works as examples. Edgar Allan Poe s â€Å"The Fall of House of Usher† and Thomas Cole s â€Å"Vesper Hymn† will be the first two works of art that are comparable. Poe s â€Å"The Fall of House of Usher† possesses all of the Gothic elements like a haunted house, dreary landscape, unknown sickness, andRead MoreThe Fall of the House of Usher by Edgar Allan Poe1438 Words   |  6 PagesThe Fall of the House of Usher by Edgar Allan Poe The mind is a complicated thing. Not many stories are able to portray this in such an interesting manner as in Edgar Allan Poes The Fall of the House of Usher. The haunting story of a man and his sister, living in the old family mansion. But as all should know, much symbolism can be found in most of Poes works. The Fall of the House of Usher is no exception. First of all, we have the symbolisme of Roderick Ushers mind and the House ofRead MoreThe Fall of the House of Usher by Edgar Allan Poe668 Words   |  3 PagesThe Fall of the house of Usher Literary Analysis A â€Å"Royal house† refers to the Royal family’s members. The house becomes a representation of the family as the reputation of the house relies on the family’s actions and status. The Usher family was at one time a great family in the upper tier of society which is why they titled their family and home â€Å"the house of Usher.† Edgar Allan Poe uses this symbol to draw in the reader by giving the house of Usher human like characteristics similar to Lady MadelineRead MoreThe Fall Of The House Of Usher By Edgar Allan Poe1216 Words   |  5 PagesEdgar Allan Poe is a famous short story writer who writes many short stories, novels, and poems in the 19th century. Although he is obviously a very prolific writer, he is most famous for his macabre literature. This literature of his is best known for its melancholy descriptions that establish a setting and mood that contribute to the overall tale. Poe’s goal through his literature is to evoke horror into the reader’s mind. In â€Å"The Fall of The House of Usher,† Poe presents the demise of a distinguishedRead MoreThe Fall of the House of Usher by Edgar Allan Poe946 Words   |  4 PagesEdgar Allan Poe is known for the suspenseful and mysterious nature in his short stories, and to achieve this he uses repetitive symbolism. In the â€Å"Fall of the House of Usher†, the narrator gets a letter from an old friend saying that he needs his help. When he arrives he starts to hear voices that eventually cause the house to fall and results in the death of usher and Madeline. Poes â€Å"The fall of the House of Usher† portrays a melancholy setting and utilizes a motif of the supernatural, howeverRead MoreThe Fall Of The House Of Usher By Edgar Allan Poe896 Words   |  4 PagesEdgar Allen Poe is well-known for his frightening and disturbing short stories. He portrays his characters in unforeseen circumstances that create an eerie atmosphere, and this then leads t o unsettling actions. In his famous short story, The Fall of the House of Usher, Edgar Allan Poe utilizes dark mood, dreary allegory, and mysterious symbolism to create the thrill and suspense. The mood of the characters set the intensity of fear and gloom, while the story of the Ushers follows psychologicalRead MoreThe Fall Of The House Of Usher By Edgar Allan Poe1159 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher† â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher† by Edgar Allan Poe is an ominous tale, told in retrospect, of a man who visited an old friend, Roderick Usher, who was dying of a mental illness. This visit was quite different then how the narrator believed it would be. The narrator explained the â€Å"insufferable gloom† he felt when he saw the mansion, and this dreary feeling only grew stronger the longer he stayed (Poe 1265). The narrator endured the bleak time with his old friend whoseRead MoreThe Fall Of The House Of Usher By Edgar Allan Poe1104 Words   |  5 PagesThe Fall of the House of Usher Edgar Allan Poe is best known for his unnerving and suspenseful writings, and â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher† is no exception. Just like Poe’s other clever writings, â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher† portrays a sense of fear and paranoia yet also a touch of curiosity with his extraordinary descriptions about the setting and characters, along with the tone. Poe does a magnificent job creating an eerie tone while describing the setting. Even in the first paragraph of

English Literature Romanticism and Victorian Free Essays

The Romantic era is the historical period of literature in which modern readers most begin to see themselves and their own conflicts and desires. As what was mentioned in the class and as what I have researched, English Romanticism in terms of literature is a shift from faith in reason to faith in the senses, feelings, and imagination; a shift from interest in urban society to an interest in the rural and natural; a shift from public, impersonal poetry to subjective poetry; and from concern with the scientific and mundane to interest in he mysterious and infinite. There are various themes on how the authors of romantic literary pieces composed their works. We will write a custom essay sample on English Literature: Romanticism and Victorian or any similar topic only for you Order Now Those themes were based on the main idea of the revolutionary movement initiated during that time which was CHANGE. These people want to veer away from what was ordinary and stale and they came up with this radical change. I do not know if my idea regarding the themes used by romantic poets and writers is correct that is why I made further research. As I went through the research, I came up with these insights regarding the subjects used by romantic writers. Imagination ND emotion are more important than reason and formal rules; imagination is a gateway to transcendent experience and truth. Imagination was one of the keys used by romantic poets and writers to effectively stress out and reveal what they want to convey their readers. They treat imagination with high importance because it was their belief that the only way to attain the highest form of art is to use your imagination. Sometimes, some of the writers do not only rely on their â€Å"usual/ ordinary’ imagination. Sometimes they use other meaner like taking addictive drugs which allows hallucination to happen. For example, Coleridge Kabul Khan was written when Coleridge was high with laudanum, a solution of opium in alcohol used for pain relief. In the last lines, â€Å"Weave a circle round him thrice, and close your eyes with holy dread, for he on honeydew hath fed, and drunk the milk of Paradise†, he is implying that writers like him would be feared for their power to make such poems with the use of extraordinary imagination. Since change is the main idea and reason for romantic movement, having exceptional kind of imagination was one of their vital component. Romantic literature tends to emphasize a love of nature, a respect for romanticism, and a valuing of the common, â€Å"natural† man; Romantics idealize country life and believe that many of the ills of society are a result of arbitration. The Romantics inclined more on the natural aspect of the world rather than the urbanize and modernized sector because they have high respect on these entities. For example, Wordsmith’s sonnet Composed upon Westminster Bridge accentuates the beauty of nature before man had touched and exploited it based on their needs. The lines â€Å"Earth has not anything to show more fair: Dull would he be soul who could pass by, A sight so touching in its majesty†¦ Show the majesty of nature. The poem stresses out the reclaiming of nature’s own from what man has taken away from it. The poem also emphasizes the silence and stillness of nature which makes it great and marvelous. Change is what Romantics aim for but they did not veer away from what natural things/nature should be. They treat nature with divinity and respect. Romantics were attracted to rebellion and revolution, especially concerned with human rights, individualism, and freedom from oppression. Since change is the main reason for Romanticism to upsurge, rebellion and revolution is evident in their works. For example, Flake’s The Chimney Sweeper talks about the abuse experienced by children who were chimney sweepers during that time. The lines â€Å"That thousands of sweepers, Dick, Joe, Ned and Jack, Were all of them locked up in coffins of black† shows that children who were chimney sweepers suffered a lot of harm and their only escape was death. Flake’s work was an effective eye opener of what was happening during that time especially when it comes to child labor. Somehow, it ignites the fire of revolution but the thing about this poem was Blake ended it not with revolutionary kind of movement but with some sort of faith in God. Still, he managed to emphasize the oppression that was happening during that time which may call and did call for upheaval. There was emphasis on introspection, psychology, melancholy, and sadness. Since the Classics tend to feature the theme of mock heroic epic (which was said to be a craft and â€Å"forced†), the Romantics deviate away from it. One of the emphases of the Romantic writers’ works was melancholy. For example, Wordsmith’s The Solitary Reaper has a tone of mystery, loss, nostalgia and loneliness. It was shown in the lines â€Å"Some natural sorrow, loss or pain, that has been ND maybe again? . Sadness was featured on the Romantic works because it was (somehow) the inspiration of the writers for not all of them lived Joyfully and vibrantly. Sadness was also one of the keys for an effective Romantic literary piece. Romantics were interested in the Medieval past, the supernatural, the mystical, the â€Å"gothic,† and the exotic. These things we re also featured in the Romantic works. Authors were very interested in the supernatural, the mystical, the â€Å"gothic,† and the exotic. Most of the literary pieces do contain these things. For example, Coleridge Rime of the Ancient Mariner highlighted these things. The lines â€Å"Her lips were red, her looks were free, her locks were yellow as gold: Her skin was white as leprosy. The Night-mare LIFE-IN-DEATH was she, who thick’s man’s blood with cold† clearly depicts a mysterious woman who appeared out of nowhere aboard in a ship which was already wrecked. These lines (and this poem) lucidly depict the mystery that the Romantic poets’ aim to show the readers the beauty behind mystery and bizarre things which were part of their aim for change. II. Analysis of Romantic and Victorian Poems Victorian period, which encompasses the optimism and progress of Englishmen, was the perpetuation of the Romantic period’s success in fulfilling its aim to obtain change and transformation. Romantic period was the time where the Englishmen perpetuated movement for literature, characterized by reliance on the imagination and subjectivity of approach, freedom of thought and expression, and an idealization of nature. This was also a call for drastic difference and divergence from what was ordinary and normal. This was also a way for the authors to show the reality behind the blindness of oppression and abuse. One good example is Flake’s The Chimney Sweeper. The poem encompasses the details of the truth behind child labor and the cruelty experienced by the children who were employed in this Job. One can see that the poem shows how helpless the children were and there was no escape for them but death itself. It has a tragic and melancholic mode for children who should be given the right to have a good life and a chance to study and improve their condition were exploited and deprived. Flake’s approach was effective for the poem will surely catch the reader’s attention and emotion regarding the focus of the poem. But even though he was successful in establishing these moods for the reader, his ending does not seem to fit the aim of Romantics for change because his ending was stated like â€Å"there would be angels who would open the coffins of these poor children and would accompany them to the Heavenly Father†. Nonetheless, the poem showed what should be changed in his society during his time and somehow, it is an eye-opener and it calls for a revolutionary change. A lot of poems during that time also embody this kind of theme. They, during their time, wanted freedom and transformation. These literary pieces were their weapon, their defense. Movements made for change during Romantic era was successful. Freedom of expression was propagated, change was established. The Englishmen had the chance to grasp the power they were aiming for. They believed they were invincible and this led them to the Victorian period. Victorian period was the period of optimism. Since the Englishmen had the power in their hands, they will do everything to maintain the power that they have. Their craving for improvement, industrialization and education was fulfilled. This is clearly en in some of the Victorian poems created during that time. Kipling Gung Din is a very good example. A lot of analysis given regarding this poem was focused on Gung Din, who was an Indian bassist or water carrier who serves water for British Soldiers. But one aspect that I saw regarding this poem was it entails the power that the Englishmen have. The poem shows that they were superior and even an Indian was very submissive to them even they were Just soldiers (disregarding the ending of the poem wherein the soldier says mire’s a better man than I am, Gung Din). All throughout the poem, Gung Din was described as a poor, low and abused slave and this also indicates that these British soldiers have the power over Gung Din and they can do whatever they want to do on Gung Din and they can ask him to serve them wherever and whenever. Although what I analyzed regarding the poem when relating it to the power and optimism that the Victorians have was negative, still, it exemplifies such. This poem also shows appearances which the Englishmen is trying to do during Victorian period. The soldiers in this poem show power and prudish, unceasing their weaknesses in use of Gung Din. How to cite English Literature: Romanticism and Victorian, Papers

Course Reflection free essay sample

Consider the themes we discussed and movies we watched. What have you learned throughout the course? Is there anything that was a surprise to you – something you hadn’t considered or realized? Have you changed or grown? Have you come further on your spiritual journey over the last two months? I love anything that deals about religion and culture, everyone does, I hope. Though I enjoy religious studies classes I can’t still help but wonder why we have to take them. It’s not that I don’t like it because I surely do. I just can’t refrain from thinking that there’s lots of courses offered that I would want to take instead of this course. But now that it’s over, I stand corrected, this course is important not futile as I had mistakenly thought. Before I took this course, I’ve said to myself that this must be an easy one. We will write a custom essay sample on Course Reflection or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I had been through GMRC (Good Manners and Right Conduct) and Values Education back in my elementary days. It was pretty easy because all I have to do is memorize all the key terms and just remember what we have discussed. And also for this one, I think that there’s no difference. But to my surprise, RS-15 is distinct from what I’ve taken before. Yes, there is still the memorization part for the terms and stuff but the assignments and projects are kind of new to me. We had little reflections before but never was I able to reflect this much back then. Starting from Unit 1 on how to be a human, the Surviving High School questions were given to us. At first I don’t know what to say and it was hard, I was thinking of just writing on what the teacher would like to read. But that wasn’t what she would like to know. She particularly said that this assignment is a chance for us to be honest and dwell upon ourselves. It was an assignment to reflect back on our lives. And frankly, I’m hesitant in doing these things. It’s painful to think of the mistakes you’ve done in the past and the hurtful situations you’ve been through. Yet, I have to do this. This course is not only to learn the materials provided but also to know yourself – to seek the truth inside of us. That is the most important thing I’ve learned in this course. From the Surviving High School assignment, the Simon Birch Essay, the Movie Project up to this course reflection, I’ve learned how to be open and sincere with my responses. Everything that has been taught to us brought me into realizations of important lessons. Starting from the becoming to be a human and its’ principles, the struggles in high school and how to survive out of it, the cultures and diversity, the stories about God and the kingdom of God, and last but not the least world religions, their similarities and differences and acceptance of each and every one. Including the movies that we’ve watched, Simon Birch and Bend it like Beckham, all of them brought life-long lessons. These lessons have great impact on all us especially those who are and are about to embark on their spiritual journey. What I’ve learned in this course is important in my overall growth. Being honest with yourself is vital in making effective changes in life. Now, I’m looking forward to take another Religious Studies Course. Not only because I have to because I need it to graduate but also because through it I can gain wisdom, enlightenment and even personal power to help me go further with my spiritual journey. I won’t make this essay long as what I’ve done with my previous written responses. What I would like to say is that this course is really important that I would like everyone in this world to take it. In the span of two months, things are better as I am able to strengthen my relationship with God. Today, I look at life with optimism as what Simon Birch the movie taught me. Despite all the hardships the toil of life brings, we must never lose hope and hold on to our faith for everything has purpose and it will all fall back in line. Religious Studies 15 is over but the things I’ve learned from it will stay with me forever as I proceed on this journey called life.

Jane Austens Novel Sense And Sensibility English Literature Essay free essay sample

In Jane Austens fresh Sense and Sensibility, she portrays sense and esthesia through Elinor and Marianne Dashwood. Elinor Dashwood represents sense, in contrast her sister Marianne Dashwood represents esthesia. Throughout the novel, the actions, ideas and conversations help the reader realize non merely how different the characters are, but how each truly embodies one of the rubric features. Elinor Dashwood, age 19, represents sense. She has the ability to regulate and command her feelings. She shows ground and restraint. Elinor besides tries to assist anyone that she can assist. Although Elinor is the prototype of sense, she is still passionate. Elinor, this eldest girl whose advice was so effective, possessed a strength of apprehension and imperturbability of judgement which qualified her, though merely 19, to be the counselor of her female parent, and enabled her often to antagonize, to the advantage of them all, that avidity of head in which must by and large hold led to imprudence. We will write a custom essay sample on Jane Austens Novel Sense And Sensibility English Literature Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page She had an first-class bosom ; her temperament was fond, and her feelings were strong, but she knew govern them. It was a cognition which her female parent had yet to one of her sisters had resolved neer to be taught. ( Austen, 8. ) This quotation mark is the first clip you can really see Elinor s portraiture of sense. Elinor meets Edward Ferrars, Fanny s brother, when he visits Norland. Edward is diffident and non really fine-looking, but he is really fond. She falls in love with him, but she denies it. She merely admits that she likes him. This is one illustration of how she portrays sense. Edward Ferrars was non recommended to their good sentiment by any curious graces of individual or reference. He was non fine-looking, and his manners required familiarity to do them delighting. He was excessively diffident to make justness to himself ; but when his natural shyness was overcome, his behavior gave every indicant of an unfastened, fond bosom. His apprehension was good, and his instruction had given it solid betterment. But he was neither fitted by abilities nor temperament to reply the wants of his female parent and sister, who longed to see him separate as-they barely knew what. They wanted him to do a all right figure in the universe in some mode or other. ( Austen, 17. ) This quotation mark shows how Edward Ferrars, like Elinor, portrays sense. Marianne Dashwood, Elinor s younger sister, represents esthesia. She is self-generated, unprompted, and really emotional. Marianne is besides really devoted to what she loves. Although, Marianne is non ever foolish and froward. She wants a fine-looking adult male, with grace and spirit. Possibly, said Marianne, I may see it with some surprise. Edward is really good-humored, and I love him tenderly. But yet, he is non the sort of immature adult male ; there is a something wanting-his figure is non dramatic ; it has none of that grace which I should anticipate in the adult male who could earnestly attach my sister. His eyes want all that spirit, that fire, which at one time announce virtuousness and intelligence. And besides all this, I am afraid, mama, he has no existent gustatory sensation. Music seems barely to pull him ; and though he admires Elinor s drawings really much, it is non the esteem of a individual who can understand their worth. It is apparent, in malice of his frequent attending to her while she draws, that, in fact, he knows nil of the affair. He admires as a lover, non as a cognoscente. To fulfill me, those characters must be united. I could non be happy with a adult male whose gustatory sensation did non in every point coincide with my ain. He must come in into all my feelings ; the same books, the same music, must capture us bothaˆÂ ¦ ( Austen, 19. ) This quotation mark explains precisely what Marianne is looking for in a adult male, the complete antonym of her sister. After traveling to Barton Cottage, Marianne and Margaret, their 13 twelvemonth old sister, make up ones mind to research the hills of Barton. It begins pouring raining out of nowhere and the misss run down the hill in a haste to acquire place. While running down the hill, Marianne falls and twists her mortise joint. John Willoughby, a fine-looking immature adult male, sees Marianne and Margaret, and helps Marianne get place. Willoughby visits Marianne about every twenty-four hours after that. She finds that they have a batch in common and begins to wish him. Marianne openly proclaims her love for John Willoughby, unlike her sister concealing her love for Edward Ferrars. Although, Willoughby finally stops traveling to see Marianne. Willoughby and Marianne end up acquiring married to other people. Willoughby, like Marianne, represents esthesia. Marianne s abilities were, in many respects, rather equal to Elinor s. She was reasonable and clever, but eager in everything: her sorrows, her joys, could hold no moderateness. She was generous, good-humored, interesting ; she was everything but prudent. ( Austen, 8. ) This quotation mark is the first clip the reader sees how Marianne embodies esthesia. After Mr. Dashwood and Henry dice, Marianne portrays her esthesia through inordinate bereavement. Elinor shows her sense, because she does non demo her emotions as openly as Marianne. Elinor s emotions are more pent-up. Marianne and Elinor are both down about go forthing Norland, besides. Marianne is really dramatic about it, while Elinor s depression is non that noticeable. Both Elinor and Marianne autumn in love, so appear to hold been betrayed by their lovers, and the novel vividly dramatizes their widely differing responses, with the primary heroine ( Elinor ) guided by sense and the desire to command her heartache, while Marianne cultivates and intensifies her agony, irrespective of the effects to herself and to her household. What happens to each sister affairs less than how each deals with her letdown. ( Sternlicht ) This quotation mark shows how Marianne s emotions are over dramatic and Elinor s emotions are more suppressed. Elinor finally finds out that Edward is besides engaged to Lucy Steele. When Elinor finds this out, she is really rational about it. She believes that Lucy and Edward s battle is vernal infatuation. Finally, Marianne marries Colonel Brandon. Like Marianne, Brandon represents esthesia. Brandon was ever willing to do personal forfeits for the good of others. He is inherently a adult male of esthesia and extremely developed moral sense, whether by 18 th-century or modem criterions. ( Ray ) Marianne fundamentally says that she wants a adult male that is merely like her, which makes it eldritch for these two to acquire married. Many characters in the book, besides Marianne, show esthesia. A few of these characters are Mrs. Dashwood, Margaret, and John Willoughby. The lone individual that represents sense throughout the book is Elinor, that is why she is the prototype of sense in this novel. Marianne is the lone character that truly takes it to the extreme, though. Marianne is immature, intolerant, an absolutist of esthesia. I could non be happy with a adult male whose gustatory sensation did non in every point coincide with my ain, she observes at the beginning of the novel, and imagines that she has found such a adult male in Willoughby. Emotion must be intense, or it is unreal. There can be no uncertainty of the world of Marianne s heartache when she eventually acknowledges Willoughby s perfidy it about kills her. ( Sternlicht ) This book reflects Jane Austen s life. She represents sense and her sister represents esthesia. Many of the things that happen in this book, happened in Jane Austen s personal life. Austen s state of affairs as a immature adult female mirrored that of the Dashwood sisters at the beginning of the novel: after her male parent s decease, Austen, along with her female parent and sister, was forced to trust on the benevolence of relations ( in Austen s instance, her brothers ) for fiscal support. Although the novel is non autobiographical, Austen understood the place of adult females who were deprived of the agencies to gain an income but needed to keep their societal standing. Much critical commentary on Sense and Sensibility trades with the footings referred to in the title- sense versus esthesia. Some have concluded that Austen advocated a adult female s possessing sense, non esthesia. ( Explanation of: Sense and Sensibility ) This book had a batch to make with what was traveling on around her excessively. She wrote this book in the 18th century between two cultural motions. This could be why she chooses to travel with the sense vs. esthesia subject. In decision, this book was written in the 18th century between two cultural motions. Most of the events that take topographic point in this book reflect Jane Austen s life. She portrays sense, like Elinor Dashwood. Although sense and esthesia can travel manus in manus, these two characters are wholly different. Elinor Dashwood is the prototype of sense, while her sister Marianne is the exact antonym. Elinor has the ability to regulate and command her feelings. She shows ground and restraint. Elinor besides tries to assist anyone that she can assist. Elinor is more suppressed than her sister. She is really quiet with her love life and she tries to conceal it from everybody. Elinor feels like an castaway in her household, because both of her sisters and her ma portray esthesia, so she is the eccentric of the household. On the other manus, Marianne Dashwood represents esthesia. She is self-generated, unprompted, and really emotional. She is besides really devoted to what she loves. Mari anne is really passionate about everything she does. Marianne is the prototype of esthesia. She takes it to the extreme and is one of the most dramatic characters in this novel. Although Marianne portrays esthesia, she is still really froward and she is non foolish. She falls profoundly in love and she is non afraid to demo it. Many characters in this book besides show marks of esthesia. These include: Margaret Dashwood, Mrs. Dashwood, and John Willoughby. Marianne falls in love with John Willoughby, but he ends up go forthing her. Marianne finally gets married to Colonel Brandon. Elinor gets married to Edward Ferrars. But, while they are married he gets engaged to Lucy Steele. There are many ups and downs in this book. Elinor and Marianne become down when their male parent, Mr. Dashwood, and Henry die. They are besides depressed when they have to travel from Norland to Barton Cottage. Elinor and Marianne have really different ways of demoing their depression, though. Elinor s depre ssion is instead pent-up and Marianne s depression is really known and dramatic. Marianne grieves through inordinate bereavement, while Elinor is rational about everything. Marianne and Elinor Dashwood are really strong characters in this novel. Although one is more unfastened about it than the other, Marianne and Elinor both autumn in love and acquire hurt. They are both really disquieted, but Elinor is rational about it while Marianne is really dramatic. These characters portray sense and esthesia through their words and their actions. Many people today portray these features. It may non be as noticeable now, but it is still at that place. There is a small spot of Marianne Dashwoood or Elinor Dashwood in everybody.

Social Disorders of Shyness and Social Desirability in Colle essays

Social Disorders of Shyness and Social Desirability in Colle essays DISORDERS OF SHYNESS AND SOCIAL DESIRABILITY Social Disorders of Shyness and Social Desirability in College students I examined the physical interaction and involvement in social situations alleviates social approval disorders, as doe constant reassurance of oneself when placed in a social condition. I handed out questionnaires to Loyola University Students that possibly were in seek of approval in social situations to try and better understand what some contributing factors that might lead to them feeling this way. I hypothesized that shyness disorders would prevail over social desirability disorders in the ending result. As expected, most students were faced with shyness disorders in the college social life. These results showed me that most college students are not socially compliant in social settings. Social Disorders of Shyness and Social Desirability in College students Most college students are awkward in most social situations. Most college students are not aware of ability to socialize without running into the problems with shyness or social desirability. But, the few that are aware of their social problem with interaction are the ones that help us in understanding and targeting others who possess the same problem. What college students get out of socializing is a sense of identity. If they do not possess quality socializing skills they end up feeling awkward when present in a social situation and either refute from engaging in typical conversation or try and pretend they know what others are talking about when really all they want is to be apart of the scene. Growing up is a gigantic learning process for all college students. Their ability to recognize and correct their problems of social interaction due to shyness or social desirability makes possible for better future social engagements. Different steps can be taken to overcome social disorders. What do college students learn from identifying their social i...

Business Information Systems Design and Implementation

In the provided case scenario, it is observed that the management of August Online Technology has intended to conduct a financial analysis for the next eight years based on its i e, expenses and tax among others. There are several indicators to evaluate the future potential of the pany among which the ou e of net i e after tax can clearly depict the possible profitability in the near future. Analyzing the overall financial performance is the most essential practice that enables the pany to not only recognizes its own capability but also helps to pare its financial position with other rival panies as well as the external market requirements (Waghmode & Sawant, 2014). Goal seek analysis is considered to be the most essential practice through which the pany can have knowledge regarding the possible practices as per its financial abilities (Waghmode & Sawant, 2014). The following pictorial illustration (Figure 1) clearly depicts that the sales of the pany is expected to increase within the next eight years with the support of the product X. The annual revenue of the pany in the initial year is around $50,373,252, which is expected to increase up to $77,498,088 as shown in the below mentioned diagram. The estimated sales have been calculated based on the total unit sold in the previous years and average sales growth rate prises of $235,411 and 3.25%. The provided scenario describes that the pany has increased the overall sales every year as well as the price of the products are also increased by 3%. Thus, based on these elements, the sales of the next years have been calculated accordingly, which is found to be steadily increasing thereby representin g higher profitability for the pany. Considering the goal-seek analysis, there are certain elements on which the sales growth rate largely depends such as annual price growth, annual sales growth and the previous year’s sales. Now, in case the average of the annual sales growth rate gets decreased, the revenue or annual sales will also be reduced. For instance, in the Year 6 and Year 7 the pany failed to perform due to which the sale growth rate b e -2% and -3%. Therefore, the overall sales of the pany for Year 7 and Year 8 will be reduced from the estimated figure. The stated fact can be elaborated with the help of the following diagram (Figure 2), wherein it is clearly represented that the sales of Year 7 and Year 8 has been reduced due to the changes made in the average growth rate. Thus, based on the understanding obtained from the goal seek analysis, it can be r mended that the pany must require the maintainenance of its estimated growth rate as the minimum point to attain the target sales within the particular period. However, from the diagram (Figure 2), it has also been apparent that after reducing the average growth rate and price increase rate for two years, the pany sales still continues to increase in the Year 7, which reduces in the last year. From this instance, it can be assumed that the pany has high potential in the near future, as it has the capability to face financial loss without slowing down the sales growth. Based on the financial performance of the pany, it has been apparent that the pany can develop its revenue along with higher profitability even in this petitive market (Fridson & Alvarez, 2011). The following pictorial illustration (Figure 3) represents the overall financial projection value of the pany, which has steadily been increased with time and at the end of eight years the pany is expected to earn approximately $23,171,928. Concerning the expenses, advertising the product as shown in the above diagram (Figure 3), cost of web services, maintenance of the production or operation, rent of the corporate space, salaries to the involved workers, cost related to shipping the products to the end users and supply chain expenses are the estimated elements based on which the total expenses has been calculated. All the expenses apart from maintenance are calculated through particular percentages, which have been elaborated below: The net i e of the pany has been calculated based on all these expenses and the overall expected sales or the product during this particular period. The following diagram (Figure 4) depicts the projected net i e that the pany can attain from the product X, which has steadily been increased by the end of the Year 8. Thus, it is apparent that the pany can largely concentrate on maintaining the growth rate with the support of developed strategies and well-managed workforce, which will eventually help to provide the estimated ou e at the end of the period. Apart from this, it is also worth mentioning that the pany can easily enhance the target arena as it has higher financial capability, and can support to bear the possible loss due to new entrants (Fridson & Alvarez, 2011).   The August Online Technology has aimed to enhance the revenue for the product X with the support of new market trends such as internet. Based on the projected financial analysis, it can be stated that the pany has high potential in future, as the net i e is estimated to increase steadily over the period of time. Therefore, the pany can concentrate on enhancing the sales volume of the product by investing in marketing. In this regard, it is worth mentioning that online marketing has b e a huge medium for organizations in the present context, wherein through a particular platform the marketers can target the entire global arena (Fang & Zhou, 2012). The August Online Technology can also utilize the internet source to market the product X, which will help to make the huge numbers of customers aware of the product, thereby enhancing the overall sales volume. Nowadays, every age group of people prefers to use online sources for obtaining information regarding the products in terms of reviews and customers’ feedback. Therefore, with the support of the web designer or developer, the pany can create an online platform for placing the product in front of the target population. There are several services provided by the panies through online forum in the current market to retain the potential customers (Yannopoulos, 2011). However, parallel to creating a website, the August Online Technology also needs to maintain transparent munication with the customers. The pany can develop the website in such a manner through which the customers can provide their feedback or share their experience with the product. This can on one hand help the pany to improve the product quality, while on the other hand the customers can also get attracted due to this facility as they are also valued by the management in the decision making. On the other hand, web publishing is also considered to be another suitable activity to attract customers in this world of immense petition. Internet has b e a huge part of the daily life schedule of the individuals for which the marketers has also initiated to portray all the required information on the social media website (Fang & Zhou, 2012). Taking the reference from the stated fact, August Online Technology can also utilize web publishing as their promotional tool, wherein it will publish all the promotional activities through the pany website as well as other social media websites to make the customers aware regarding their new policies or offers. Security threat has b e the most crucial aspect, which is continuously increasing across the globe and has caused a serious concern for panies to ensure product privacy to the customers (Alabady, 2009). There are numerous threats in security risks or network attacks among which hacking majorly affects the privacy maintenance. Since the pany will be maintaining an online platform, it has huge security risks in terms of hacking. Due to the process of hacking, it is possible that the hackers will extract the required information from the pany website or the pany will not be able to control the website. Apart from this, other security risks include snooping and eavesdropping, which are regarded as the threat to accessing the pany secure data by any unauthorized person without the consent of the pany management (Padmavathi & Shanmugapriya, 2009). While developing online forum or maintaining the platform, August Online Technology needs to concentrate on such aspects to avoid network attack s and ensure security of products to the customers.   Alabady, S 2009, â€Å"Design and implementation of a network security model for cooperative network†, International Arab Journal of e-Technology, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 26-36. Fang, X. & Zhou, Y 2012, â€Å"Internet-future business development focus†, American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, vol. 2, pp. 85-88. Fridson, M. S. & Alvarez F 2011, Financial statement analysis: A practitioner's guide, John Wiley & Sons, United States. Padmavathi, D.G. & Shanmugapriya, M 2009, â€Å"A survey of attacks, security mechanisms and challenges in wireless sensor networks†, International Journal of puter Science and Information Security, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 1-9. Waghmode, M. L. & Sawant, S. B 2014, â€Å"International journal of advance research in puter science and management studies†, International Journal, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 419-423. Yannopoulos, P 2011, â€Å"Impact of the internet on marketing strategy formulation†, International Journal of Business and Social Science, vol. 2, no. 18, pp. 1-7. Getting academic assistance from

Corporate Accountability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Corporate Accountability - Essay Example This is because a well governed organisation is visualised to be effective by stakeholders and thus initiates greater investment from them in the business. Often a management structure is used by organisations for conducting their operations. The concept is used as a framework of policies with the objective of protecting outside stakeholders’ investment in the organisation. Corporate governance is used by large organisations for generating a system of balances and checks. It provides the assurance that overextending of company’s resources is not generated by any individuals or departments. In other words, corporate governance helps in preventing both frauds and abuse from employees (Vitez, 2010). In this research paper, the various dimensions of corporate governance policy frameworks will be discussed with reference to followed principles in the UK and the US. ... ollow a market-based approach that provides flexibility to the companies in organising and exercising their responsibilities, while simultaneously ensuring their shareholders proper accountability. The accountability is maintained in the UK through â€Å"Combined Code on Corporate Governance† that works on the basis of ‘comply or explain’. This approach makes the judgments easy that is to be presented case after case. This form is supported by investors, companies and regulators in the UK and has been adopted in other financial markets as a model. The approaches in the UK towards corporate governance provide high standards combined with relatively lower costs of association. The board of the UK corporate governance presents assessment of position of the company and provides accountability for maintaining sound internal control system. The board is responsible for maintaining shareholders’ contact for understanding their concerns and opinions (Financial Repo rting Council, 2006). The code of the UK corporate governance consists of five main sections, namely, leadership, effectiveness, accountability, remuneration and relations with shareholders. With respect to leadership, companies are initiated to be lead by an effective board consisting of both executive as well as non-executive directors. In complying with the code ‘effectiveness’, companies should have an exact balance of experience, knowledge and skills. For pertaining to accountability, there should be proper assessment of the prospects and position of the companies. In case of remuneration, the payments of directors should be sufficient enough for attracting qualified candidates and lastly, the companies should bear a dialogue with shareholders on the basis of mutual understanding about its objectives

Trying to make superior trading returns using tecnical analysis or Essay

Trying to make superior trading returns using tecnical analysis or fundamental analysis of shares is self-defeating - Essay Example In comparison to their peaks at the end of 2007, the Dow Jones Industrial Average Index and the DAX index have dropped almost 50% in value. Considering recent events many investors have reconsidered the concept of fair value of a stock and the efficiency of techniques used. In addition to this, the approach applied by many academics on Technical and Fundamental Analysis1 and of Efficient Market Hypothesis theory, rather than on how to forecast, has induced us to base the structure of this essay on a similar approach. Therefore in Section 1, 2 and 3 after providing a brief overview of FA and of TA the EMH theory, we have explored alternative views and discussed the validity of the statement in object. After illustrating the need for analysts to create efficiency in Section 4 we have explored the extent to which FA, TA or EMH may be essential to achieve market efficiency. Finally, after examining in Section 5 the Stiglitz-Grossman paradox, in Section 6, we have explored anomalies and i nvalidities of EMH and presented our conclusions. FA found its existence in the firm-foundation theory developed in the 1930s though it was later popularised by Graham. Its purpose is to find and explore all economic variables measuring different economic circumstances and influencing the future earnings of an economic asset. Clearly the philosophy behind FA is that in the end, when enough traders realize that the market is not correctly pricing the asset, the market mechanism of demand/supply, will force the price of the asset to converge to its fundamental value. Early writers on the subject of security analysis assumed that the essence of investing was to determine the "true," "intrinsic," or "fundamental" value of a security and that this value could differ from the current market price. Graham and Dodd (1934) first highlighted the concept of the intrinsic value of a security as a

My Understanding of Feminism Essay Example for Free

My Understanding of Feminism Essay My understanding of feminism has increased greatly due to the material and discussions in this course. When this course first started I had a small general idea of what feminism was. I always assumed it had to deal with womens rights and movement, mostly about the African-American movements. I had no idea that feminism tied into so many different subjects throughout history and even the present day. This course also had a broad overview with many different types of readings. The readings, along with the discussions generated a more in depth view n particular topics. Although I had a general knowledge of some of the topics, other topics were completely new to me and I found them very interesting. For example, the topic about the native settlers that were forced from their native land by the Europeans, specifically about the Beothuck people of Newfoundland. One unit that really sparked my interest was Unit 1 1: Advertising Culture and the Commodification of the body. I think that this unit was very intriguing, as I have always wondered bout how and why the media portrays women the way they do. This idea of Fat women has become such a profitable topic in the media. The article by Lisa Ayuso l look Fat in this portrayed an excellent view from women who often feel ashamed of their body because it is not the perfect body that is plastered all over the media. Another unit that I thoroughly enjoyed was Unit 8: Diasporas. I enjoyed reading other students posts on how they feel about Newfoundland culture and its traditional items. Many students registered in this course are from Newfoundland, so the shared culture among us with the different viewpoints, I found really interesting. This course has not changed my view or position on a particular issue. I have increased my knowledge and have broadened my views on many topics. One particular issue that came to a complete shock to me was about the forced sterilization of young black women. Especially about the doctor that tricked the mother into signing a waiver to do this to her daughters, I was in disbelief. Also, the trials and tribulations the young women had to go through to get an abortion. Abortion is still a sensitive topic today, but the views of it have changed a lot from the past. One thing that I dont quite understand is Liberalism. It has come up in many of the readings, but I still seem to fully understand exactly what it is. Can anyone elaborate more on this for me? But overall this course has provided me with a deeper insight about feminism. My Understanding of Feminism By SexyNewfle

Bette Howlands Criticism of Henry Jamess Washington Square :: Henry James Washington Square

Bette Howland's Criticism of Henry James's Washington Square Bette Howland, in her criticism of Henry James's Washington Square, focuses on two different aspects of the story's development. She begins by impressing on the reader how Henry James himself viewed his creation and then plunges into the history behind the plot. In doing this, she describes how Henry James has used irony to make this story his own creation. Half way through the article she changes directions and shows how Washington Square is the forerunner of his other novels. She describes how they all have the same basic plot. According to Bette Howland, Henry James never cared for his novel Washington Square. He refers to it as "A poorish thing" and "a tale purely American" (1). In fact, when he compiled his stories in his New York Edition he omitted this story from its pages. He claimed that, "I've tried to read over Washington Square and I can't and I fear it must go" (1). Ms. Howland claims that it is "a fitting irony. You might say that like Dr. Sloper in the novel, James disinherited his heroine, he cut her out of his will" (1). The author of the criticism then focuses on how Henry James received the anecdote that he would transform into his novel. Henry James twists the basic story into his own work by way of irony. Dr. Sloper is at the center of James's irony. While Dr. Sloper criticizes Catherine as a simpleton who is "ugly and overdressed" (3) he states, "I expect nothing . . . so that if she gives me a surprise, it will be all clear gain. If she doesn't, it will be no loss" (3). This is ironical because he himself played a part in her creation. Bette Howland states that while Washington Square may lack the 'supersubtle' nuances of Henry James' future novels, it "offers his irony at its most efficient. The novel is a system of ironies a closed system. . . James is always doing two things at once. Except for Catherine, the characters are always describing themselves and each other . . . and everything they say cuts both ways" (5). Bette Howland also examines the similarities present between Washington Square and The Portrait of a Lady, The Wings of the Dove, and The Golden Bowl. In the four novels, Henry James uses his favorite configuration of a triangle.

Glucose Tap Water Essay

1. Monosaccharides and polysaccharides are two classes of Carbohydrates 2. Long chains of amino acids make up Proteins_ and contain the atom _Nitrogen which is unique to this macromolecule. 3. Fats like triacylglycerols are the macromolecule ___lipids_____. 4. You just reviewed type of carbohydrates. Glucose is a simple sugar called a monosaccharide , whereas starch contains compound carbon chains and is a polysaccharide . 5. Polysaccharides are formed by a dehydration synthesis reaction between monosaccharides. What does this mean? Water molecules are removed from the bond. 6. For each of the following tests, please circle which substance would give a positive result: a. Benedict’s test – glucose tap water oil (lipid)) starch protein b. Starch test – glucose tap water oil (lipid)) starch protein c. Sudan IV test – glucose tap water oil (lipid)) starch protein d. Biuret test – glucose tap water oil (lipid)) starch protein 7. All proteins contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and what other element? Nitrogen 8. When one glycerol molecule covalently bonds via dehydration synthesis with three fatty acid molecules the resulting macromolecule is called a __lipid_________. 9. What are the two general categories of carbohydrates? Starch and cellulose ID the test: Sudan IV, Benedict’s, Biuret, Starch 10. The cloudy, orange color that shows a positive result for the __Benedict’s____ test is due to simple sugars reducing cupric ions to cuprous ions which oxidize to form copper oxide. 11. If a solution contains macromolecules that test positive for the Biuret test, light refracts from copper-containing rings to produce a violet color. 12. The reagent used in the _Sudan IV__ test is soluble in lipid, but not in water. Adding ethanol to test solutions is necessary. Uses of Macromolecules 13. Explain the difference between lipids and carbohydrates with respect to energy use and storage. Lipids store energy as â€Å"backup energy† to be used when the carbohydrates are all burnt up. Carbohydrates are less complex and therefore easier to break down than lipids. The body stores lipids as fat cells were carbohydrates are stored as sugars. 14. Fully describe at least five uses of proteins in the body. -Motion of cells depends on proteins -They catalyze reactions in cells -Transportation of material in body fluids is dependent on protein. -They form receptors for sending signals throughout the body. -Proteins are stored in muscle tissues 15. Fully describe the differences between DNA and RNA. RNA is responsible for transporting genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosomes. DNA stores the genetic code so it does not travel and therefore can be safe in the nucleus. DNA contains the genetic instructions while RNA transports the proteins needed to create the genetic instructions. Without RNA there would not be any DNA.

Differences Between Pr and Advertising Essay

Differences Between Advertising and Public Relations Advertising vs. public relations, these two industries are very different even though they’re commonly confused as being one and the same. The following ten properties just scratch the surface of the many differences between advertising and public relations. 1. Paid Vs Free Coverage * Advertising: The company pays for ad space. You know exactly when that ad will air or be published. For Example: Infosys gives an ad in The Hindu on Wednesdays in the Opportunities column. So it has the liberty and control to opt whether they want to give the ad on a particular Wednesday or not depending on their requirement. * Public Relations: Your job is to get free publicity for the company. From news conferences to press releases, you’re focused on getting free media exposure for the company and its products/services. For Example: Tata Nano is the best example of this. Till now Nano was not advertised and all its publicity is through PR. 2. Creative Control Vs. No Control * Advertising: Since you’re paying for the space, you have creative control on what goes into that ad. Any feature of the ad can be designed according to the way you want to portray the image of your company. For Example: Close-up portrays a youthful image through its advertisements, whereas Cadbury (which earlier had largely targeted the youth) has shifted its focus and now projects its chocolate as something for the whole family to enjoy during times of rejoicing. * Public Relations: You have no control over how the media presents (or misrepresents) information about your organization. For Example: Reliance did not have a control over the news which was published regarding the conflict between Mukesh Ambani and Anil Ambani and had to pay for it in form of loss in the share price (initially). 3. Shelf Life * Advertising: Since you pay for the space, you can run your ads over and over for as long as your budget allows. An ad generally has a longer shelf life than one press release. * Public Relations: You generally submit a press release about a new product once. You only submit a press release about a news conference once. The PR exposure you receive is only circulated once. An editor won’t publish your same press release three or four times in their magazine. 4. Wise Consumers * Advertising: Consumers know when they’re reading an advertisement they’re trying to be sold a product or service. The consumer understands that we have paid to present our selling message to him or her, and unfortunately, the consumer often views the selling message very guardedly. * Public Relations: When someone reads a third-party article written about your product or views coverage of your event on TV, they’re seeing something you didn’t pay for and view it differently than they do paid advertising. Where we can generate some sort of third-party ‘endorsement’ by independent media sources, we can create great credibility for our clients’ products or services. 5. Creativity * Advertising: In advertising, you get to exercise your creativity in creating new ad campaigns and materials. Some jingles in the ad have a long bonding with the product. Few Examples: Surf comes with a series of new ads from time to time. Britannia’s jingle is well remembered and is branded even in its website. * Public Relations: In public relations, you have to have a nose for news and be able to generate buzz through that news. You exercise your creativity, to an extent, in the way you search for new news to release to the media. For Example: Apple iPhone is an example of this. Apple created a huge buzz in the market exercising creativity to and extend and the result was a huge demand for the Iphone much before its release date. 6. Target Audience or Hooked Editor * Advertising: You’re looking for your target audience and advertising accordingly. You wouldn’t advertise a women’s TV network in a male-oriented sports magazine. * Public Relations: You must have an angle and hook editors to get them to use info for an article, to run a press release or to cover your event. . 7. Special Events * Advertising: If your company sponsors an event, you wouldn’t want to take out an ad giving yourself a pat on the back for being such a great company. This is where your PR department steps in. Public Relations: If you’re sponsoring an event, you can send out a press release and the media might pick it up. They may publish the information or cover the event. 8. Writing Style * Advertising: Buy this product! Act now! Call today! These are all things you can say in an advertisement. You want to use those buzz words to motivate people to buy your product. * Public Relations: You’re stric tly writing in a no-nonsense news format. Any blatant commercial messages in your communications are disregarded by the media.

Five Most Important Points for Each Chapter Essays

Five Most Important Points for Each Chapter Essays Five Most Important Points for Each Chapter Essay Five Most Important Points for Each Chapter Essay Name: Instructor: Course: Date: : Five Most Important Points for Each Chapter Chapter 1 An anti-bias curriculum helps children figure out the difference between fair and unfair treatment. It makes children have a strong self-esteem, and not feel superior or inferior about their social status. Children grow more comfortable with each other despite their differences. It enables children to think critically about how their peers feel when discriminated. Chapter 2 To create an anti-bias environment teachers must structure their teaching habits according to children’s needs. All activities should be integrated into the teaching system. All cultures should be treated as equal. Anti-bias topics that teach cultural diversity should be incorporated into the curriculum. Chapter 3 Little children are aware of the privileges bestowed upon a certain kind of people at a young age. Teachers must be able to shape and direct the ways through which little children think. Teachers should understand the various views children have concerning matters that deal with racism and sexism. Classroom decorations, books and activities should reflect diversity. Chapter 4 Children should be made to understand the fact that differences are good. Racial differences and similarities should be taught in such a way that children find them enriching. They should be made to know that there is no superior race. The learning environment should allow children to interact with their peers without feeling insecure. Children should interact with their peers from different backgrounds. Chapter 5 Young children are supposed to be taught about people with disabilities via widespread and interactive means in order to overcome their fear. Children should be taught to be empathetic so that they may focus on the person and not the disability. Children with disabilities are to be taught to use their other abilities and to develop skills that will help them deal with injustices. Chapter 6 Gender stereotyping creates an uneven cognitive development in both girls and boys. Boys are supposed to learn to embrace competition without feeling superior over girls. Girls have to learn that they are just as competent as boys are and can make similar choices. Children should to take up different roles. They should respect each other regardless of gender. Chapter 7 Teachers should help children to develop an identity based on their cultures. The class should focus on multicultural ways of teaching. Teachers should desist from using methods that portray one culture as inferior or superior. Children should be taught to appreciate the differences in culture and race. Children should celebrate their culture without being discriminated. Chapter 8 Children should be taught to be empathetic to diverse peoples. Teachers should instill a culture where children feel secure in their own identities. Children must be empowered with skills to identify unfair stereotypes. They should also be taught that bias causes pain to the victim. Children should learn to accept other people’s differences without stereotyping. Chapter 9 Children should be taught to defend themselves and others. They should be taught on ways to act when confronted with situations of bias. Children’s empathy should be cultivated for them to be able to stand up for others. Critical thinking on bias issues is necessary for activism. Chapter 10 Holiday activities should reflect the needs of the children; such activities should be culturally relevant. Teachers should take holidays as opportunities to teach about culture. Teachers should create appropriate holiday programs that reflect the needs of each child in the classroom. Children should identify with their culture and have an overall understanding of diversity through holidays. Chapter 11 Parents and other family members should be involved in anti-bias education. Involving parents depends on the creativity of the tutors. Parents’ ideas about bias issues should be analyzed. Educators should find out about the cultural backgrounds of children. Parents can be used as advisors especially on issues concerning culture. Chapter 12 Teachers should increase their awareness of different social and cultural contexts. They should analyze what they know about other peoples’ feelings towards diversity. A teacher should understand the disadvantages of unfair treatment. Teachers should talk with families about anti-bias issues. A teacher requires commitment and a change of attitude to be able to carry out anti-bias education.

Service Quality Between Internal Customers and Internal Suppliers in Essay

Service Quality Between Internal Customers and Internal Suppliers in an International Airline - Essay Example Flowchart A. Flowchart of front-end operations of British Airways B. Back end operations of British Airways Significance of service encounter Service encounter can also be described as the moment of truth. Service encounter happens when a customer comes in contact with the product or service of a company. It can also be defined as the consumer touch point. In the airline industry, there are many service encounters. Starting from information seeking for flights to exit from the destination, a customer is exposed to numerous customer touch points. These touch points can be categorized into the front end and back end. Booking and order taking The process of service encounter start when a customer is seeking information through various sources. These sources can be telephonic assistance, online websites and customer services. In this case, it is very important that the market established effective and easy means of communication so that information search will be easy and user-friendly. In order to make the customer decision-making process in favour of the company, it is crucial to have an effective advertising strategy. This strategy should include the product features, benefits and services provided by the brand. Searching and booking through online websites is becoming a popular trend in recent years (Gillen and Morrison, 2005). In order to maximize this opportunity, the website of the airline brand should be attractive, user-friendly and easily accessible on the internet. Even though the internet provides easy and cheap access to information, many times consumers expect additional information on ticket prices, flight schedules etc, in case of any changes. In this case, the service encounter is the customer and support services provided by the company. Order taking can be online or offline. Giving orders for reservations makes the journey easy and relaxed, without any hitches.

VISUAL CULTURE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

VISUAL CULTURE - Essay Example The author strongly argues the value of the paintings, sold in millions is created by auction houses and dealers rather than the critics and curios. Is Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette a brand painting which has acquired created value by the dealers or is it truly a masterpiece on canvas? To know this we should explore and analyze every minute visual aspect of the painting through our brain and heart. This essay aims conducting a thorough analysis on the visual structure and the meaning Dance at Le Moulin de La Galette tries to communicate. Richard Howells (2012) suggests examining a painting contains five key features. We have to analyze what kind of painting it is, what does it show, the location of the painting, the time or era it was drawn, what is shown and what is left out in it for us to make out. In technical terms we have to concentrate on the usage of key elements like the usage of line, brush strokes, light usage, the forms present in the painting, the color and texture to conduct a good analysis. Any person can do this analysis devoid of their art or historical background. But, determining a painting’s true value requires viewing it through the heart and mixing a bit of philosophy with the technicality to note the ‘absence’. We can interpret it in simple terms as reading between the lines or rather as reading between the brushstrokes (Kenny n.d.). Each painting has something absent, which we do not realize until we view the painting. Then we start to reflect about the absence and its loss (Berger 2009). Again as Howells (2009) mentioned, just reading the content of the painting alone is not important. Understanding its form and the interpreting the inner meaning identifying the absence is the key point of good visual analysis. Drawn by Renoir at 1876 in Paris, this painting has achieved its iconic status owing to its masterful brushstrokes (a major reason for

BUS205-Introduction to Aspects of Business Law Essay

BUS205-Introduction to Aspects of Business Law - Essay Example Rights against Costumes R Us English National Operetta Company (ENOC) entered into a contract with Costumes R Us for the purchase of theater costumes. The contracts of sale are governed by Sale of Goods Act, 1979 which defines a contract of sale in s.2 (1) as: ‘a contract whereby the seller transfers or agrees to transfer ownership in goods to the buyer in return for a money consideration called the price.’ In the given case, Costumes R Us agreed to manufacture and deliver theater costumes to ENOC and ENOC agreed to pay ?5,000 in return. The agreement was made on 1st May 2010. This is an agreement to sell. It pertains to future goods which would be delivered on 1st September 2010. But before Costumes R Us could begin the manufacturing process for the agreement, on 1st June 2010, a fire broke out due to a fault of some children and burnt down their premises. They could not manufacture the costumes and hence could not deliver them to ENOC. ENOC has threatened to sue Costum es R Us for damages. Costumes R Us could not perform their promise. ENOC had to purchase the same quantity of costumes from Theatre Togs Ltd at a cost of ?6,000. ENOC is looking to recover their resulting loss in the form of damages from them by suing them for breach of contract. Costumes R Us would look to defend by pleading on the basis of Doctrine of Frustration. ... The happening event must have been outside the contemplation of the parties at the time they entered into the agreement. Where the parties have foreseen the likelihood of such an event arising and have made express provision for it in the contract the doctrine of frustration will not apply; and iii. The frustrating event was not self induced. In other words, the frustrating event must not have been the fault of, or due to the actions of, either of the contracting parties. In the given case, on June 1st 2010, the fire accident rendered it impossible for Costumes R Us to manufacture the costumes. The event is a frustrating event. On May 1st 2010, the time of making of the agreement, this event could not have been foreseen as it is not normal that the whole premises of a business are burned down due to an outbreak of fire. According to the given facts, the fire was caused by some children who were playing with matches near the premises. Therefore, the fire was not caused due to negligen ce or a fault by either of the parties. On the other hand, the breakout of fire occurred before the stipulated time of delivery i.e. 1st September 2010. If three months were sufficient for Costumes R Us to recover from the accident and perform their promise of making the costumes and delivering them, the Doctrine of Frustration would not be applicable. The subject matter of this contract is not of existing goods. It pertains to future goods which would be manufactured by Costumes R Us in the future. The fire could not have destroyed the subject matter of the contract. But it can be assumed that the machinery required to process the material was destroyed so the subject matter could not have been brought into existence. The courts would discharge both the parties from the contract by the

The guiding aim and abiding concern of Corporate culture Essay

The guiding aim and abiding concern of Corporate culture - Essay Example Corporate culture has an influence on how the members of an organization conduct themselves in almost every aspect of their lives, in respect to their work, to create a good image. It is this behavior which comes to affect how employees interact with their fellow employees, all their clients (whether large or small), and those people who have an interest in the organization (whether they are shareholders or stakeholders). The corporate culture of an organization can also be defined as the values that contribute to the creation of an environment that is conducive both psychologically and socially and enable employees to work effectively without worrying about any conflict related to their work procedure. These values are based on the knowledge that has been gained in the history of the organization from its founding as well as the existing knowledge of the organization, which form the philosophies that hold the organization together. There are certain instances, however, where there m ay be many, different conflicting, cultures within an organization, and this usually occurs especially in the large organizations, because of the different paths that are pursued by the various management teams in achieving the goals that have been set for the organization. Corporate culture is an extremely complex phenomenon within an organization, and it affects those who are employed by it in their work lives in various ways. When one considers corporate culture, one will realize that it may have both positive and negative effects on the individuals involved. It is these effects, among others, which will be discussed in this paper. While, in most cases, it is the management of an organization or corporation which plays a crucial role in the creation of the corporate culture of the organizatio

Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Process

Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Process Attempts at cloning a mammal can be traced back to 1979, where the scientist Steen Willadsen successfully cloned a sheep embryo using nuclear transfer [1]. Since then numerous attempts have been made to replicate these results. Notably the birth of Dolly the sheep (1996) was a major development in this field; as she was the first mammal to be cloned from a fully differentiated somatic cell, using somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) [2]. This essay will describe the process of somatic cell nuclear transfer in light of mammalian cloning and the risks it poses to mammalian reproduction. The fertilization of mammalian gametes through natural reproduction is limited by the ability to preserve desirable traits after the extinction of an individual. Moreover, the reproductive success of natural fertilization is limited by the gestation length, estrus cycle, the efficiency of insemination during intercourse and Hayflick limit [3]. Furthermore, these limitations are chiefly important in livestock agriculture; where desired traits and alleles are more favourable for propagation. SCNT enables us to extract the nucleus of a fully differentiated somatic cell (diploid cells) and introduce it into an enucleated mature oocyte which is allowed to develop into an embryo; that is genetically identical to the host cell [4]. Other variations to this method are practised even though they all rely on the same principles. By this process, the limitations stated above become insignificant as specific mammals with the desired traits can be cloned to preserve the genome. However, this technique is still undeveloped and the success in producing cloned offspring is low. The success rate of SCNT is dependent on several factors; namely, selecting the right donor cell that will be most efficient to the nuclear transfer. In this process, fully differentiated somatic cells are selected based on their cell-cycle state and age. The G0 phase is most desired when selecting the donor cell as it has been shown to be the most effectual donor [5]. Conversely, deprivation of nutrient to the donor cells growing in vitro can also induce the cells to adopt the G0 resting phase. The age of donor cells also contribute to the success of cloning, the more aged the donor cell the less efficient SCNT becomes. Additionally, donor cells that are derived from more genetically diverse species are favoured, as it has been shown that cells obtained from inbred animals are less likely to be successful in cloning [6]. However, these factors are only relative to the limited species that have been examined and more factors may come to light as other species such as primates are subjected to SCNT. Once the donor somatic cells are identified, they are normally extracted from the skin of the donor mammal, using needle aspiration and avoiding unnecessary strain on the donor animal. Oocytogenesis is the process in which females produce oocytes. SCNT uses mature oocytes in metaphase-ll which are collected from the ovaries of the required animal [7]. The mature oocytes are enucleated using micromanipulation which penetrates the zona pellucida and removes the nucleus. There are two alternative routes which can be adopted when manipulating the process of the insemination of the nucleus donor cells into the mature oocytes. First, the Honolulu technique (developed by Wakayama) which uses brain cells, cumulus cells and sertoli cells as donors that are naturally in the G0/G1 phase. The nucleus of the somatic cell is aspirated and directly micro-injected into the oocyte using a piezo-impact pipette; which penetrates the zona pellucid and delivers the nucleus into the enucleated oocyte [8]. The oocytes are subsequently activated by exposing them to a medium containing Sr+2 that also contains cytochalasin-B which acts to prevent the formation polar bodies. Figure. 1[9] shows a diagrammatic representation of the Honolulu technique, highlighting that the nucleus is directly inserted into the mature oocyte. Secondly, the Roslin technique (used to create Dolly the sheep) cultures donor cells in vitro and deprives them of nutrients; forcing the cells to adopt the G0 phase. Subsequently, the enucleated oocyte is aligned next to the donor cell; such that the oocyte and donor cell are parallel to one another. Pulsating electrical currents are applied to fuse the oocyte and donor cell together, by inducing pore formation of the cell membrane [10]. Figure.1In the Honolulu and Roslin techniques the use of chemicals and electrical pulses induce the activation of the oocyte, which can subsequently develop into an embryo which is implanted into a surrogate host for progeny development. The activation of the oocyte induces major reprogramming of the differentiated donor nuclei back to its totipotent state [11]. This process is extremely intricate and the full biochemical mechanisms are not fully understood. However, extensive research has been completed in understanding an overview of oocyte reprogramming and epigenetic modification. The introduction of a somatic nucleus into the oocyte causes rapid deacetylation of histones on lysine residues, catalysed by histone deacetlase. Moreover, the donor chromatins also experience demethylation [12], which is also a method that is used to dedifferentiate the nuclei back to totipotent state. Aberrant or incomplete DNA reprogramming is thought to be a major contributor to abnormal development in embryos and clones which can explain why only 1% of SCNT are successful in producing fully developed clones. Figure.2The efficiency of the Honolulu technique and the success rate of cloning have been shown to be superior to the Roslin technique [12]. However, the overall success rate of cloning, irrespective of the method used is still considerably low, with only 1% success rate. Figure. 2 [13] shows the percentage of embryos surviving prior to implantation with surrogate and post implantation. Moreover, there are several risks associated with clones derived from mammalian SCNT. These risks also have ethical implications that follow. Phenotypic abnormalities that are associated with clones derived from SCNT ranges from aberrant telomere length (which can lead to premature ageing) to large offspring syndrome and irregular placenta development during embryonic growth. The telomere length and ageing of clones are thought to be directly correlated. Telomeres are situated on the ends of chromosomes and consist of numerous repetitive DNA bases that function to stabilise and prevent deterioration of the chromosome [14]. Experimental observations show that some species of mammals are prone to shorter telomere lengths in comparison with a control. It is also thought that the telomeres are not fully restored to the original length during SCNT. Such implications can suggest that the sizes of the somatic cell telomeres are inherited by the clones; therefore producing clones that have already aged [15]. Dolly lived until she was 6 years of age (half the age of an average sheep) and was shown to have shorter telomeres in comparison to a control (19 kb vs. 23 kb) implying that she died prematurely. However, shorter telomeres in clones are not universally applicable as in mice, bovine and cattle all showed similar lengths to their respective control, if not lon ger [16]. The occurrence of shorter telomere lengths in some species suggests that the donor cell species and genetic background govern it. Nevertheless, the exact cause of short telomere length is still not yet fully comprehendible, yet some studies indicate that it might be caused by incomplete reprogramming [17]. Large offspring syndrome (LOS) is characterised by larger than normal clones that have oversized organs and aberrant limb formation which all can lead to an increase in prevalence of organ defects and cardiovascular difficulties. These characteristics have been observed in cattle and can contribute to higher abortions rate and deformities in skeletal structure. However, offspringà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s derived from cloned mammals diagnosed with LOS, were shown not to have LOS [18]. This suggests that again irregular epigenetic reprogramming during SCNT is a contributor to LOS as the progeny of the clones (which are born naturally) fail to have LOS. Embryos that are derived from SCNT have been shown to have abnormal/enlarged placenta development (placentomegaly) during embryonic growth. The abnormalities occur in both bovine and mice [19] and can cause the developing fetus to die during pregnancy. The aberrant placenta in mice is shown to have an increased amount of insulin- like growth factor which can cause LOS in clones. Moreover, failure for the placenta to develop accordingly during the pregnancy of clones can cause immune-mediated abortion [20]. The risks to mammalian reproduction stated above can produce clones that are phenotypically defective which raises ethical concerns. The abnormalities in clones can cause harmful side effects and can lead to cloned mammals suffering. We have seen that some mammals show premature ageing which can ultimately lead to premature death. The welfare of these clones seems to be disregarded in the experiments that are conducted. Moreover, there are concerns that a small proportion of cloned animals can enter our food chain, which is thought to be unsafe. However, recent studies show that consumption of cloned animals is safe to homosapeins [21]. The prospect of human SCNT also has deep ethical implications. Current legislation in all countries prevents SCNT in humans. Nonetheless, the proposed benefits that SCNT offers (therapeutic cloning) may one day outweigh the ethical concerns. If this occurs, it would shake the foundations of tradition, as humans can be à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢producedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ asexually with their genomic sequence known [22]. This can lead to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"gene discrimination by other non cloned humans, and by cooperate companies who can prevent human clones (that may be prone to specific dieses) from obtaining insurance, for example. In conclusion, Somatic cell nuclear transfer has been successfully used to clone mammals from fully differentiated somatic cell. However, this technique is largely inefficient and a major Impediment is that only 1% of somatic cells successfully developed into clone. The lack of understanding on oocyte reprogramming can be contributed to the inefficiency of this technique. Moreover, this has lead to some clones showing abnormal phenotypic features which has major ethical implications. Nevertheless, somatic cell nuclear transfer shows great promise in the fields of medical therapeutics, agriculture and conservation once all aspects of its process are understood.

Inner Truths in The House of the Seven Gables :: House of the Seven Gables Essays

Inner Truths in The House of the Seven Gables It was Hawthorne’s belief that romances deal with inner truths, while novels are based on "mere fact." Because he held himself to be a romance writer, inner truths were elemental themes in The House of the Seven Gables. The truths that he conceived, and expressed, in the story range from the concept that death and suffering do not discriminate based on one’s position in society to the karmic effects one generation may have on those of future generations. Hawthorne saw these themes as important concepts that went beyond simple didactic commentaries. As a romance writer he wanted his reader to understand his conceptions on a complete level, and to achieve this he realized that he must delve into an unusual space in the reader's mind. The supernatural plays an important role in this goal in The House of the Seven Gables. The Supernatural challenges the reader to use her imagination and step out of her usual stereotypes and beliefs so that she may observe the story as Hawt horne wrote it. This challenge is meant to help the reader grasp Hawthorne’s conceptions. Maule’s curse at the gallows is the beginning of the development for one of Hawthorne’s central themes: guilt will stay for generations. In regards to this "karmic" theme, Maule’s curse, a supernatural power, foreshadows the future of the Pyncheon family. Maule insists, "God will give him blood to drink!" and as we read on it appears that this portion of the curse does indeed come to pass. But the effects of the curse do not end there. As men began to build the Pyncheon home on Maule’s land, the famous spring water on the property "entirely lost the deliciousness of its pristine quality." The land that Colonel Pyncheon intended to have for his family immediately started losing its value as the "pristine" well became foul. As the story goes on it, becomes clear that the curse will similarly effect the Pyncheon family, making what once was rich very poor. Maule’s supernatural power is further developed with the use of ghosts. The use of these spirits implies that all inhabitants of the house are in a state of unrest. Although Colonel Pyncheon was the one to commit the sin against Maule, all his relatives will pay for the deed. Alice Pyncheon was said "to haunt the House of the Seven Gables and.

The Influence of Educational Philosophy on a Proposed Early Learning Environment Annlatish Jones

While developing a classroom with the parameters of utilizing the knowledge of educational philosophers it has been found that in order to do so effectively, it is best accomplished using an emergent curriculum and consideration for the individual child. Determining the best approach for implementing the proposed curriculum is guided by the Montessori, Gardner and Vygotsky theories focusing mainly on the ideas of scaffolding, open ended play and multiple intelligences. When introducing the PA Early Learning Standards to the proposed plan, it is found that a variety of presentations of information can be given to children of different learning styles all while getting the same main idea across. Loris Malaguzzi, the creator and force behind the work that is proof positive of the benefits of early childhood education has said a great thing about how children learn, â€Å"Creativity seems to emerge from multiple experiences, coupled with a well-supported development of personal resources, including a sense of freedom to venture beyond the known. This is the heart of the educational philosophy with which my classroom for preschoolers is designed and which guides the tenants of approach for environment, curriculum and practice. Children learn through their experiences and we as their caregivers, build upon their knowledge to develop not just the whole group, but the whole child. In addition to the founding and current principles that run the early child hood environments found in Reggio Emilia, Italy, the ideas of Vygotsky, Gardner and Montessori will and do have influence over the environment that the children learn and explore in.. A founding tenant of their success in Reggio Emilia, is the employment of their emergent curriculum, otherwise what is known as a project oriented approach to the children's experiences (Malaguzzi, 2013). In other words, the children’s interests guide their planned experiences, with their free exploration being the most opportune time to observe, record, and quietly reflect on their blooming interests. This is the scaffolding that Vygotsky so wisely explored and classrooms worldwide employ the technique of assessing prior knowledge and then building upon what they have learned with planned experiences. By taking what is seen from these times, the teachers can come together to plan and negotiate experiences so there will be a better sense of what the children need to learn from what they want to know. Also popular to our counterparts in Italy, are the Montessori methods which focus greatly on hands on learning. The classroom that I envision is all hands on, with experiences geared towards the senses that in turn ensure a logical sense of order and reason to what the child takes in and gets out of their time in the environment. Much like the ideas behind the emergent curriculum, it is understood that Dr. Montessori envisioned a child that showed us what they wanted to learn and it was the adults who geared their plans towards their interests. The idea that, â€Å"Children's emotional, social, and academic development improve when they are empowered through choice† (Shaw, 2012) gives rise to the notion that by allowing children the free choice to explore as frequently as possible we give them the power to enjoy their learning, and it is well understood that when anyone, not just children, enjoy their experiences they take more from them. To allow children to take something from their environment requires that the environment itself gives them a reason to enjoy it. Essentially by creating a requirement that the environments development caters to not just their interests but the means of learning that the children exhibit, we give the youngest learners the option of how to learn new things best. The idea of multiple intelligences brought about by Gardner, which is also found throughout the environments and planning in Reggio Emilia, is essential to catering to the whole child. The theories proposed by Gardner are, of the various educational theorists, the least tested yet are still found in practical and standing use in early childhood settings around the globe (Smith, 2008). The overwhelming evidence of children who successfully approach, understand and build upon a variety of subjects when the setting takes into account that particular child's strengths grants his theories a reprieve from the traditional clinical trials that often accompany the proven success or failure of a theory (Smith, 2008). Taking into consideration the theorists and philosophy of the previously discussed methods, the classroom would follow traditional center format with meeting times and typical transitions. Presentation of information that builds upon the groups prior knowledge would and should take the form of a variety of experiences, such as finger plays during meeting times, songs during transitions, hands on materials for math, science, and language center, and introduction to practical experiences for dramatic, creative and block play that encourage their exploration of the theme or ideas that are of current interest. Understanding that the project based approach is embedded within the ideas of the emergent curriculum, it is understood that many times some projects will range in time taken from hours to several weeks, if not longer. This being kept in mind, no particular set theme for a lesson plan should be set in stone, but rather a general topic of guidance that reflects their interest’s will be all that is necessary. Presenting open ended materials that are a tenant of the Montessori philosophy will be the rule rather than the exception, and this will encompass all areas of learning. Presenting traditional materials such a tactile letters, counters, pattern boards, magnatiles, as well as others, would be used in conjunction with specific ideas that are presented by the teachers. Instead of just tracing out the letters with our fingers, a teacher could present the picture of a frog much like one found outside and practice tracing the letters in sequence of the word frog. Reviewing ideas found within the PA Early Learning standards would require and exploration in many areas of academics that we break down in to simpler parts. The simple aforementioned frog activity could easily relate to several language standards, but also keeps in mind that different children learn in different ways. Instead of just allowing a child to copy from a written word, we take into consideration that some children may respond better by touch and by trying to use the tactile letters, we give a certain type of child a better understanding than the otherwise may have experienced. The ideas behind this process would be followed throughout the entire learning environment in that free play would be frequent, if not dominant to the schedule. Allowing this type of learning gives the children the ability to explore at their own pace. In a side note, free play does not indicate a lack of observation, this free play is imperative to our understanding of what to introduce as their interests expand. Introduction of new ideas is not dependent upon formal meetings, but can include material rotation, field trips, parent involvement, or any number of explorative processes. This type of play keeps in line with our emergent curriculum, in that if you present it, it will either take or it won't. If children show an interest in a direction or step that would be logical or following their current interests, the plan is then followed. If they show no interest, understanding or become easily frustrated or distracted with a new toy, idea, or concept, it is clear indication to the educators that their group or individual child is not ready for this step or direction. Allowing this type of freedom rather than presenting ideas that were not created from the children’s explorative interests themselves; we are getting a better insight into what makes up the child not just in a group, but as an individual. The idea of individuality is also key to the type of curriculum that would be essential to the preschool learning environment being created. The observations and teachable moments found during ordinary play verses a formal assessment of the child's interests, will give a real insight into how the children learn. Knowing how a child learns best is the basic principle to Gardner’s multiple intelligences. As mentioned earlier that new ideas and concepts would not be introduced in a consistently formal way, opportunities for understanding not only a child’s interests, but understanding why or why not that child took to a subject is imperative for individualized planning. When a child shows frustrations with a tactile learning experience such as the language learning mentioned earlier, but the child is a noticeably busy and excited child outside or in a gym, perhaps ncouraging the child to recognize those letters in sequence on wastepaper bins and encouraging throwing a ball in sequence into those bins may be a better learning experience. This will help the educators conclude not a failure of the particular initial experience, just a better way to build upon their current interests in areas more suited to their learning styles. Determining how to focus in on their learning styles wo uld be related to the Pa Early Learning Standards which govern the necessity, and importance of learning for all planned experiences for any three to five year old child in a licensed day care in the state of Pennsylvania. The standards govern a variety of learning concepts in the area of art, math, language, science, and require a specific set of information to be passed along in some form or another to the younger learners. In the area of fine arts there is a strong focus not just on creation, but on reception, performance and personal response. Essentially there is so much more to art than just paints, clay and crayons. The importance of dramatic play and musical expression in many varieties should and will be expressed not just with toys or background music. I would love to see culturally diverse instruments, cd players and tape recorders for exploration of their own creations, in addition to dramatic play props related to their interests, and a free and open art center with a variety of tactile and fine motor experiences in a creative station. The walls would be adorned with not just their art work, but professional and classical pieces that are frequently changed to accommodate their changing interests. In opposition to the freedom of creation, math concepts are very finite and concrete and the understanding of these concepts being primarily one to one correspondence and simple number recognition are essential for school success. Beyond this, the state standards want to see that children are grasping basic algebraic concepts, statistical analyses appropriate for the ages served, reasoning, connections, communication, and problem solving,. What is great about this is that communication is not only encouraged in the standards but expected, so a simple math worksheet will not work. Counters, pattern boards, relating math concepts to everyday situations, and inspiring discussion amongst smaller groups and individuals is imperative to our basic plan of working with an emergent curriculum. If we can light the spark of understanding, they can carry the torch to where they would like to learn next. More importantly, it's not just about having a math center; it is about providing those opportunities physical and verbally in all aspects of play. Language is not just a means of communication, but a way to express feelings and thoughts. For the younger preschool, the concept of being to express your needs in a means other than crying is new and there are so many possibilities. Environmental print is essential, and important in order to achieve the goals set forth in the PA Early Learning Standards. Comprehension, pre reading skills, writing quality are all parts of the standards that must be addressed, but with various options for every child and style of learning that can and should be presented. Labels for not just materials but for everyday objects, a variety of printed materials such as books, letters of all forms, plenty of paper types for writing and inspiring mediums such as sentence strips, letter stickers, envelopes, designed paper, and cards with words and their names preprinted on them, to allow interest and ownership of their work. Taking an interest in not just their classroom, but the outside learning environment is critical to the PA Early Learning Standards. The science concepts that we cover will focus a lot on the environment outside our window and the means with which we can bring it back into the classroom. Leaf samples, rock types, living and not living samples, and sorting materials, as well as tools such as magnifying glasses, binoculars, tracing paper, pencils and crayons; all of these materials and more lead to open ended thinking and understanding the design and structure of the natural world around them. Letting the children lead and then in turn letting the educators build upon their experiences to enhance their knowledge base is key to them moving on and understanding something on their own that is just a step above that we can build upon again. Building this knowledge base is essential to the curriculum and program that would be utilized in my preschool classroom. Catering to the individual hildren as well as the group will be in the plan presented and would cover the collective interests in the plan for their developmental stimulation. A base idea which is presented in a lesson can be broken down into a variety of sub plans for individualized learning. For instance, a math lesson could involve counting out butterfly wings. By introducing the pairs as individual parts, we are encouraging one to one correspondence, which is covered under standard Mathematical Thinking and Technology standard 2. 1. 1. Under that particular standard there are indicators related to rote counting, voca bulary and correspondence up to twenty, which gives quite a bit of flexibility to attend to a counting wings task and allows variation dependent upon the learner and the ability. For instance a child who is more interpersonal, dress up butterfly wings purchased from a discount store and counting amongst friends, logical learners may benefit from butterfly wing counters, and there is also the option for the bodily kinesthetic learner to have butterfly finger puppets. For a child who has mastered the skills of counting, perhaps expanding to the notion that we can count in multiples, which would bring in a concept of patterns and allow the idea of two wings to one butterfly to assist in this plan. Moving beyond just the counting, children who are more creative can color and cut out their own butterflies and then number them to be used as counters for the whole group. By providing multiple strategies under the same standard, you are addressing the needs and abilities of many within the group. In the case that you want to introduce the life cycle of a butterfly, found under the Scientific Thinking and Technology standard 3. 1b. 2, you can present pictures of the life cycle at the creation center and allow them to use whatever materials they see fit to model the life cycle. Providing the opportunity for children to utilize different props and recreate the life cycle in the dramatic play center is another option for the interpersonal learner. For those who are more linguistic, perhaps letting them dictate the ideas of how the life cycle occurs while they look at pictures, or if they are advanced in their writing skills assist them in sounding out the words they want to use and let them write it relatively independently. These are all ideas that can be expanded upon into other standards, centers of interest, and permitted across the age ranges served in the classroom. Through a variety of learning experiences, we provide our youngest learners with a chance to experience at their own pace and level. By educators and experience providers choosing to let them explore on their own terms, we are giving them a grander opportunity to learn more effectively and utilizing the theories of those that inspired the ideas in Reggio Emilia and with the emergent curriculum approach, we are doing so with purpose. When we allow children to explore at their own pace, we are really letting them show us what they want to know, and in turn we introduce what they need to know which is what allows us to truly develop the whole child. References Malaguzzi, L. (2013, March 22). The Reggio Emilia Approach. Retrieved from Campus Kindergarten: http://www.uq.edu.au/campuskindy/Reggio_Emilia_for_parents.pdf Shaw, L. F. (2012, January 27). Montessori: The Missing Voice in the Education Reform Debate . Retrieved from Huffington Post: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/laura-flores-shaw/montessori-education-debate_b_1237451.html Smith, M. K. (2008). Howard Gardner and Multiple Inteliigences. Retrieved from The Encyclopedia of Informal Education: http://www.infed.org/thinkers/gardner.htm